Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Semaglutide: What the Research Says

Exploring the long-term safety of semaglutide is very important for healthcare providers and patients. This is especially true when dealing with weight management and how to treat diabetes over time. 

In this blog, you will get a closer look at research on semaglutide. This medicine is a GLP-1 receptor agonist. We will look at what the studies say about using semaglutide for many years. There will be a review of key trials and how semaglutide stacks up against other medicines for diabetes.

You will also find information about new safety and how well semaglutide works. This blog touches on results from heart health studies, difficulties people have sticking with their treatment, and what experts recommend. 

These topics will help you build a clearer understanding of this therapy. With it, people can better manage long-term health problems like weight and diabetes.

Understanding Semaglutide and Its Role in Chronic Disease Management

Chronic diseases like obesity and diabetes can be hard to manage. People need new ways to fight these problems. Semaglutide is one of these new solutions. It works as a GLP-1 receptor agonist and goes after what causes the disease. This can slow down how fast the disease gets worse. It gives big benefits for weight and blood sugar control. It now also helps lower risks for heart problems.

The patterns we see in these diseases are always changing. Because of that, semaglutide’s help in keeping body mass index, blood sugar, and heart health in check is important. Now, it’s a big part of new healthcare plans. This part will start to show how semaglutide works and how people are using it. Soon, you will get more details about what semaglutide does and how it can help.

Overview of Semaglutide as a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist. It works by acting like natural incretin hormones that are found in the body. This drug helps control blood sugar and hunger. It targets certain sites in the body to help slow down how fast the stomach empties food. This way, it can help you feel full and eat less by sending “I’m full” messages to your brain.

Novo Nordisk makes semaglutide. At first, it was mostly used as a treatment for diabetes. Now, it is used for weight management too. The active ingredient and new way the drug is put together helped it get approved for more uses. These updates give hope to people who need better options, especially for those with high BMI.

The next parts look at how semaglutide works to help with weight management. You will see how this receptor agonist affects weight and can help with long-term health problems. This shows the many good things semaglutide can do for users.

FDA-Approved Indications and Dosage Forms

Semaglutide is approved by the FDA to help people manage type 2 diabetes and long-term weight issues that are linked to obesity. You take the medicine once a week as an injection under your skin. The amount you get will change depending on what you need it for. Your doctor will usually start you off with 0.25 mg, then slowly increase your dose. This helps lower any side effects and makes sure you get the best results.

The planned dose amount and the simple weekly routine make it easy to keep up with your treatment. This helps people stay on track and get the most out of their medicine over time. The use of semaglutide is aimed at supporting weight loss and handling side effects too.

Mechanism of Action in Weight and Glucose Regulation

Semaglutide helps people with weight loss and blood sugar control by working on important pathways in the body. It acts on GLP-1 receptors. This means it can lower food cravings and slow down how fast the stomach empties. The result is that people can eat less food and keep their calorie intake low.

The drug also helps lower blood sugar. It does this by helping the body release more insulin when you eat and by stopping the body from making too much glucagon. This is very helpful for people managing type 2 diabetes.

Because semaglutide works on both blood sugar and weight loss at the same time, it offers the chance for better long-term results. Now, let’s look at how it was developed and how it became widely used.

Historical Perspectives and Clinical Development

The growth of semaglutide shows big steps forward in the field of receptor agonists for treating diabetes and obesity. The work started with early types of the drug. This led to important studies that proved how well and how safe the drug can be for people. 

There was a systematic review that showed people from different groups had less body weight and better blood sugar levels after using it. True and hard-working researchers, along with groups like Novo Nordisk, worked together to study the active ingredient in semaglutide. Their work ended with the drug being allowed for use with patients. This whole process shows there is a real effort to give people new ways to get better results from their treatment.

Key Milestones in Semaglutide’s Research and Approval

Key moments in the making of semaglutide show how important it is in the group of GLP-1 receptor agonists, including contributions from Eli Lilly. The work started with first studies done in the lab. Then, big clinical trials began. These tests showed that semaglutide helps with weight loss and makes it easier to keep blood sugar levels steady for people.

Phase III trials showed that people using this drug had more weight loss and better HbA1c levels. This made sure that it is safe to use. Because of these good results, agencies like the FDA gave their approvals. This lets semaglutide be used to treat diabetes and help people with weight management.

All of these steps come from a lot of research. The main goal is to help people do better with simple and new treatments that work with their bodies through receptor agonists, aided by the peer review of this work.

Pivotal Trials Shaping Long-Term Use

Pivotal trials have played a big part in showing what the long-term use of semaglutide can do. These trials looked at if semaglutide works well and if it is safe. Studies like STEP and SUSTAIN show that the use of semaglutide leads to good weight loss and helps with controlling sugar in the blood. This gives a strong base for using semaglutide as a good choice for people who want to manage weight or treat type 2 diabetes. 

The results show that giving semaglutide each week as a shot under the skin is useful. These studies also show this medicine may lower risks for the heart and help people live better by sticking to weight management. The use of semaglutide in weight loss makes it an important tool for people who want to see real change and keep the weight off for a long time.

Differences Between Semaglutide, Liraglutide, and Other GLP-1 Agonists

There are some important differences among GLP-1 receptor agonists. These show how semaglutide is not the same as liraglutide and other drugs in this group. Semaglutide is taken once a week.

It helps more with weight loss and controlling blood sugar than many other receptor agonists. This gives it a special edge. Liraglutide has to be taken every day. It does lower body weight and helps blood sugar, but maybe not as much as semaglutide does.

Because semaglutide works longer in the body, and it often has fewer gut side effects, it is a good choice for people needing long-term treatment. It can play a big part in taking care of obesity and diabetes mellitus. For many, semaglutide is a leading option when to comes to working on weight loss and blood sugar, but also trying to avoid bad side effects.

Efficacy of Semaglutide in Long-Term Weight Management

Semaglutide helps with weight loss and is great for people who want to manage their weight better. There are studies, like the STEP studies, that show this medicine works well to lower body weight over time. 

People in these studies had a drop in their body weight that made a big difference in their health. The weight loss from semaglutide can last for a long time, which makes it good for keeping weight off, especially for people with a high body mass index.

 If you want better results, using semaglutide while making healthy changes in your life can make it easier to lose weight and keep it off for the long run. It can help you keep your weight down when your starting point is a higher baseline body mass index.

Results from the STEP and SUSTAIN Trials

Big results came from the STEP and SUSTAIN studies. These trials showed that semaglutide works well as a GLP-1 receptor agonist for long-term weight management, with weight loss being a supportive secondary endpoint in the overall trial design. People in the semaglutide group lost much more weight on average than those in the placebo group. 

They also showed clear drops in baseline body mass index. Over time, taking semaglutide led to big decreases in blood sugar and better overall health. This strong proof shows semaglutide can be a key tool to fight obesity and help manage diabetes mellitus. It also supports people who want to live a more healthy lifestyle.

Effects on Body Weight Over Extended Periods

Ongoing weight management is important for people who use semaglutide over a long time. Studies show that the people using semaglutide had a large drop in body weight during trials. Their weight also stayed stable for a long time.

The semaglutide group saw mean weight loss that lasted, which shows this drug helps people dealing with obesity. Also, keeping off the weight comes with better changes in body mass index and waist circumference. This proof points out the benefits of using semaglutide with a better lifestyle for long-term weight loss and weight management.

Durability of Weight Loss and Maintenance Outcomes

Sustained weight loss is very important for people who use a weekly dose of semaglutide as part of their long-term plan. Research shows that patients in the semaglutide group keep a large drop in body weight for a long time. 

In clinical trials, the mean weight loss is clear, and other points also show that weekly subcutaneous semaglutide helps with weight management. People using semaglutide also see better waist circumference and lower body mass index. This means the weight loss stays over time and gives good results for overall health and long-term use.

Long-Term Glycemic Control with Semaglutide

Keeping blood sugar at a steady level is an important benefit of semaglutide use in people who have diabetes mellitus. Studies have shown that the active ingredient in semaglutide can lower HbA1c, which means it helps bring blood sugar down for a long time.

Real-life data also supports this, showing that people who use semaglutide get lasting results with their blood sugar. This proves that semaglutide has a strong place in helping manage diabetes. For people with type 2 diabetes, this can mean better health and a lower chance of getting a heart problem like cardiovascular disease. This makes the overall treatment better for those who use it.

Impact on HbA1c and Fasting Blood Glucose

Big drops in HbA1c levels happen when people use weekly subcutaneous semaglutide. This shows that it works well to help manage blood sugar for those with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The active ingredient also helps bring down fasting blood sugar levels over the long term. 

Studies show that people in the semaglutide group see good results, with a drop in body weight and a smaller waist circumference. This means semaglutide can be important for people looking to manage diabetes better.

Real-World Data vs Clinical Trial Results

Comparing data from everyday use with results from clinical trials helps us see important details about the long-term safety of semaglutide. Clinical trials use controlled groups. They show how well the medicine works and what side effects can come up under perfect conditions. But real-world data includes many types of people. 

This takes into account differences in sticking with treatment and having other health issues. So, you can see how the effects of semaglutide help with body weight and blood sugar for all sorts of people. Doing this gives a better idea about the safety of semaglutide over time. It can also help those with diabetes mellitus and be good for overall heart health.

Benefits in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Many studies show the real benefits of semaglutide for people with type 2 diabetes. This medicine does more than help lower blood sugar. It also leads to weight loss, which is good for the body. People who take semaglutide often see their HbA1c levels drop, meaning better blood sugar control.

There is a lower risk of heart and blood vessel problems, and blood pressure is usually better too. Semaglutide can also help people make better choices in their daily lives to stay healthy. Because of all these things, this GLP-1 receptor agonist helps with blood sugar, weight loss, blood pressure, and makes people feel better overall when living with diabetes mellitus or worried about cardiovascular disease.

Cardiovascular Outcomes and Additional Benefits

The effect of semaglutide on the body goes beyond just weight management. Many main studies show it can help lower the risk of heart disease. This is important for people who have obesity and type 2 diabetes. 

It can also help lower blood pressure, which makes your heart and blood flow better. Some data even say it can help with your lipid levels, which is good because it keeps heart disease away. There is more to it—semaglutide may also support kidney function, as it has shown good results for people with chronic kidney disease. All this shows that semaglutide does more than one thing to help with patient health.

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Evidence

There is strong proof that semaglutide helps lower the risk of getting cardiovascular disease. Studies show that weekly subcutaneous semaglutide does more than help with weight management, particularly at institutions like University College London. 

It also gives good results for people who need to improve their blood pressure and cholesterol levels. This is mainly true for those who have a higher baseline body mass index, which points to obesity. Early research also says that semaglutide use seems to lead to fewer heart problems. Because of this, the medicine can be a safe and good choice for people with diabetes and other related problems.

Effects on Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile

Clinical studies show that semaglutide helps lower blood pressure and improve cholesterol levels. People in the trials saw drops in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and that helps lower the risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular disease problems, including heart failure. 

There was also a drop in total cholesterol and triglycerides, making heart health even better. These changes are very important for those who have obesity or diabetes mellitus, who are more likely to get heart disease. Using semaglutide as part of a full weight management plan can boost your body’s health and help you live better.

Potential Renal and Liver Health Benefits

New research shows that semaglutide, the active ingredient in this treatment, may be good for kidney and liver health. Some studies say that it can help raise the glomerular filtration rate. This means the kidney is able to work better for people who have chronic kidney disease. There are also signs that semaglutide can help the liver. It may bring down some signs of fatty liver disease, which often shows up in people who are overweight.

Because of this, semaglutide looks like a good choice for people with diabetes mellitus and other health problems. It could lower the risks that come with kidney disease and liver disease. This is important for people who need to manage their health after learning about these issues.

Evaluating the Long-Term Safety of Semaglutide

There is a lot of research looking at the safety of semaglutide over time. Some common side effects reported in these studies are stomach problems and abdominal pain. Most people who use it get used to these side effects as time goes on. There have been a few serious worries, like the risk of pancreatitis and thyroid cancer, so doctors need to watch for these issues and help people know what to look out for.

Long-term studies show that, for most people, the benefits of better blood sugar control and weight management are greater than the risks. Because of this, doctors are told to look at each person’s health before they start semaglutide use. This way, people can make choices that fit their own health and needs, and be aware of the safety of semaglutide, including all common side effects.

Adverse Events Reported in Clinical Studies

Clinical studies on semaglutide show that there are a range of side effects, mostly with the stomach and gut. Common side effects are nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. These problems often become less serious as people get used to the medication over time. There are also some serious concerns, like pancreatitis or thyroid tumors, but these happen rarely. Watching out for these outcomes is very important. It helps to understand the long-term safety of semaglutide. This lets healthcare professionals know how to use the drug in people with diabetes mellitus or obesity. It also helps to keep patients safe and well.

Gastrointestinal Effects and Patient Tolerance

Gastrointestinal side effects are common when people start taking semaglutide. These can have a big effect on how much someone can put up with the medicine. Many people get mild or moderate stomach issues like abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. These problems often show up in the first few weeks. 

The good thing is that the side effects are usually mild and go away over time. People start to feel better as their bodies get used to the active ingredient in the medicine. It is important to ask people about how they feel and listen to what they say. 

By keeping an eye on these side effects and helping people manage them, you can make it easier for them to stick to their treatment. In the end, knowing about these side effects and helping people deal with them can help make semaglutide safe and helpful for the long run.

Risk of Pancreatitis, Thyroid Cancer, and Other Concerns

Emerging safety data on semaglutide shows there may be a link with pancreatitis and thyroid tumors, especially medullary thyroid carcinoma. There is also research to say that people who have had pancreatitis before could be at higher risk. It is important to look out for gastrointestinal symptoms, like abdominal pain, as this could show there is a problem with the pancreas. Gallbladder disease is another concern that has come up.

Before someone starts this treatment, the doctor should look closely at the person's medical history. This helps keep them safe. More research, including a well-structured research proposal, and careful reporting will help everyone know more about how safe semaglutide is over time.

Special Populations and Considerations

The use of semaglutide needs special care when given to older adults or to people who have other health problems. As people get older, their bodies may change. These changes can affect how well receptor agonists work and how safe they are. It is also important to check the safety of semaglutide in women who could get pregnant. 

What happens if someone uses it during pregnancy still needs to be understood. People who have kidney or liver problems should get watched closely. This is because these issues can change the way the drug moves and works in the body. With the right plan for dosing and keeping an eye on the person, you can help them get the best results from the use of semaglutide.

Use in Older Adults and Those with Comorbidities

Aging people sometimes need different ways to help with weight management and keeping blood sugar in check. The use of semaglutide in older adults, especially those with heart or kidney disease, is getting more notice now. Studies show the use of semaglutide can help with weight loss and make your health better, even for older people. 

Still, you have to look out for common side effects like stomach problems and be sure to check on them often. It’s important to adjust the way we use the treatment for each person. This helps make sure that older adults with diabetes stay safe while also caring for their health and dealing with weight, cardiovascular disease, or chronic kidney disease.

Considerations for Women of Childbearing Age

Women who may be planning to have a baby need to be careful with semaglutide. There can be risks for pregnancy and for the baby growing inside you. This drug helps to control blood sugar, which is good for people with diabetes mellitus. But the safety of semaglutide when having a baby is not yet clear. 

You need to talk with your doctor about it. It is important to get advice about using this drug before getting pregnant and while you are pregnant. Your doctor should check in on you often and change your plan if needed, to fit what is best for your health. Eating well and getting exercise is also important. These healthy lifestyle choices can help both you and your child be well during this time.

Safety in Patients with Renal or Hepatic Impairment

When someone has kidney disease or liver problems, using semaglutide can be tricky. The way the body handles this medicine changes if the kidneys are not working well. This can lead to more side effects for some people. 

It is good to check kidney function often, especially the glomerular filtration rate. The doctor might have to change the amount of medicine you take to help stop any unwanted problems. This helps people with chronic kidney disease or liver disorders get the best results from their medicine. Researchers are still looking into the safety of semaglutide for these conditions.

Adherence, Discontinuation, and Real-World Challenges

Patients sometimes stop using semaglutide because of the side effects. Some people get stomach problems and abdominal pain. It is important to help patients with these issues, so they can stick to their medicine. Checking in with patients on a regular basis can be good. Giving them support to deal with side effects can also help them stay on track. It is helpful when healthcare workers talk with people about how semaglutide can give good results for weight loss and better blood sugar over time. This helps people see its benefits and keep going with their treatment, which can help them have a better and healthier life.

Factors Influencing Long-Term Adherence

The journey of weight management and diabetes control with medicines like semaglutide depends on many things. It is very important that people know how these medicines work, as it helps them stick with the treatment. For example, learning about what a receptor agonist does makes it easier to keep taking the medicine. 

It is also good to talk about common side effects, like stomach pain or feeling sick. When people know about these side effects and how to handle them, they are more likely to keep using the medicine. Support from doctors and nurses helps people stay motivated. Making changes to things like daily movement and eating healthy foods works well with medicine treatment. The way people feel and their thoughts about their health also matter a lot when it comes to staying with the treatment for a long time.

Addressing Barriers to Ongoing Use

Evaluating the long-term safety of semaglutide means looking at what makes it hard for patients to stick with the treatment. Many people have issues with side effects. Some of these can be stomach problems, which may stop them from following their drug administration plan. The cost of the medicine and not having insurance can also make some people decide not to use semaglutide. 

When patients learn about how semaglutide helps with weight management and what to do about side effects, it can help them keep going. Good communication between doctors and patients is very important. This helps everyone work together to get the best health results and keep up the safe use of semaglutide over time.

Strategies for Managing Side Effects

Side effects in people who use semaglutide can often be taken care of with the right steps. If you slowly increase the dose, this can help lower stomach problems that many get at the start of the treatment. 

Eating the right foods and drinking enough water will help your whole body and can ease symptoms like abdominal pain or feeling sick. It is good to talk to your healthcare provider often. They can watch how well you handle the medicine and change your treatment if needed. It is important to talk with them about any side effects you have. This way, you get help quickly, and it will be easier to stick to the treatment plan.

Expert Opinions and Consensus Guidelines

Insights from top experts show that it is important to look at each person's health before starting semaglutide. This helps check the long-term safety of semaglutide. Main guidelines from groups in endocrinology and obesity support using it for weight management and diabetes mellitus. Doctors say people need to go for regular check-ups, especially if they also have cardiovascular disease or kidney disease. 

Talking honestly with your doctor means you will know the possible benefits and the common side effects or other side effects. This will help people stick to their plan for semaglutide use and pick better habits for their health day by day.

Endocrinology and Obesity Society Recommendations

The Endocrinology and Obesity Society has set clear rules for the use of semaglutide in people with obesity and diabetes mellitus. The group says that treatment needs to fit each person. This means looking at your baseline body mass index and any other health issues you might have. The society talks about the need for people to get checked on a regular basis while using semaglutide, for your safety. This helps to catch side effects, like problems with your stomach, or anything that could affect your heart.

These guidelines say it is important to take a full look at your needs. They want people to use a healthy lifestyle along with their medicine, including resources like Google Scholar for research. Eating right and staying active can help get the best results for weight management and keeping blood sugar under control. When you use semaglutide, you have to be aware of your body mass index and watch for any side effects. Good old day-to-day healthy choices are still key for most people with diabetes mellitus or high weight.

Insights from U.S.-Based Medical Experts

Medical experts in the United States say that semaglutide is safe. This is important for people who use it for a long time to help with weight loss and weight management or to lower their blood sugar. Research shows that most people do well when they get this drug each week with a shot under the skin. If people stick with the drug administration plan, they usually get better results in trials.

Studies in top journals show that semaglutide helps lower blood sugar and helps people lose weight if they have obesity or type 2 diabetes. The experts say it is good to focus on each person’s own health and other problems they might have. They say this can help get better results and lower the risk of unwanted side effects.

Patient-Centered Decision Making in Chronic Therapy

Bringing patient-centered decision-making into long-term treatment with semaglutide is key for the best results. When you get patients involved in their care, it helps build a team where their needs and wishes guide the way you handle things. This way can also show that people do not always react the same way to semaglutide. It lets them play a big part in taking care of both their weight management and blood sugar levels.

Using shared decision-making, doctors and nurses can talk about any concerns with the safety of semaglutide, including data access request proposals. This helps make sure the choices made are good for the patient. It can lead to better habits over time with sticking to therapy and help people feel their best.

Future Directions in Semaglutide Research

Looking into the future of semaglutide research gives hope for more ways to use this treatment. New clinical trials will soon look at how semaglutide can help with cardiovascular disease and other metabolic problems. There will be new ideas for combining treatments, and this could help different groups of people in new ways. As personalized medicine grows, doctors will use what they know about how people respond to the medicine. This means each person may get a plan that works best for them. More studies about the long-term safety of semaglutide will make its use in diabetes mellitus management and weight loss even safer. The goal is always to put the needs and the safety of people first.

Upcoming Clinical Trials and Innovations

Ongoing clinical trials are looking into new ways to use semaglutide. The studies focus on different effects of semaglutide, how safe it is in many people, and its uses for other problems too. These include people who have other long-term health issues. There is also work being done on how semaglutide works when used with other treatments. This could help with weight management and blood sugar control.

As we get more information from these research studies, we can better see the long-term effects of semaglutide. Knowing this will help people get treatment in ways that are best suited for them in the future. So, it may help in planning better care for people with obesity or diabetes.

Potential New Indications and Combination Therapies

Recent studies show that semaglutide could do more than what it was first made for. The research is looking at how well it works for people who have health problems linked to being overweight and certain body issues that don’t work right. This might help semaglutide help more people and deal with more conditions.

Some studies are also trying out new ways to use semaglutide in obese patients. They use it together with other receptor agonists or with drugs that work on other parts of the body. These mixes might help with both weight management and blood sugar control. This could mean better health for people who need it and may help with different types of health problems.

As there are more studies still happening, new ways to use semaglutide could become clear. This could change how we treat tough health issues and give more long-term help for those who use it.

Personalized Medicine and Predictors of Response

Personalized medicine has a big role in getting the best results when using semaglutide. It lets doctors plan treatment to fit each patient’s health needs. Things like a person’s baseline body mass index, how well their blood sugar is managed, and other health problems can change how well this drug works. Knowing more about genetic markers and how the body uses energy can help doctors guess who will get the most out of semaglutide treatment. This way can help get better results with fewer problems, so people can do well when living with diabetes mellitus and working on weight management.

Conclusion

To sum up, semaglutide works well and is safe to use for long-term weight management and to help control diabetes mellitus. It shows good results in both clinic tests and real life. The drug acts as a receptor agonist and helps people deal with the tough problems that come with obesity and diabetes mellitus. Some side effects can happen, like stomach troubles or, in rare cases, pancreatitis. But with close watching by a doctor, these risks can be kept low. As more is learned through research, semaglutide will help doctors find the best ways to treat each person. This will help people get better health, manage their weight, and feel more in control of their care.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is semaglutide safe for lifelong use?

Research shows that semaglutide is usually safe to use for a long time. There are still studies going on to check how safe it is. Still, it is important to watch for side effects and to look at each patient's needs. This helps to make sure the treatment works well over time.

What happens if I stop taking semaglutide after long-term treatment?

Stopping semaglutide after using it for a long time can make you gain weight again. It can also cause your blood sugar levels to go up. You may notice changes with your appetite, and you might crave food more. This can affect the good changes you saw before when you were on this treatment. It is important to check your health often to help with these changes.

Can semaglutide be used alongside other weight loss medications?

Yes, you can use semaglutide with other weight loss medicines, if your doctor says it is okay. Mixing these treatments can help with weight loss. But you should always talk to a healthcare professional first. They will check if it is safe for you, if it works well, and if there could be any issues with your other medicines or health conditions. Everyone is different, so it is important to get advice that fits you.

Does long-term use increase cancer risk?

Research on semaglutide's long-term use shows that there is no solid proof linking it to a higher risk of cancer. Still, it’s important to keep watching and doing more studies to fully know what long-term effects could come up. This is true especially for certain types of cancer linked to receptor agonists like GLP-1.

How often should long-term users be monitored by healthcare providers?

People who take semaglutide for a long time should see their healthcare provider about every three to six months. This helps to keep track of how the treatment is going. With these check-ups, the doctor can look at possible side effects and make any changes needed for each person. It makes sure the treatment is right for their health and what they need.

What does current research say about the long-term safety of semaglutide?

Current research indicates that semaglutide demonstrates a favorable long-term safety profile. Clinical studies show minimal adverse effects, with most participants tolerating the treatment well. Continuous monitoring highlights its effectiveness in managing weight and glycemic control, reinforcing its potential as a sustainable option for individuals with obesity and Type 2 diabetes.

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